Coding standards

These are not standards for writing code in programming languages, but for encoding real-world entities (such as countries or laboratory results) using short alphanumeric codes.

Geographic coding standards

ISO 3166 for countries and subdivisions
- Online Browsing Platform
United Nations M49, “Standard country or area codes for statistical use”
UN/LOCODE for “trade and transport locations”
MARC 21 for countries and geographic areas

Other coding standards

ISO 639-2, 639-3, and 639-5 for languages (ISO 639-1 code elements are listed at the 639-2 site)
ISO 4217 for currency
ISO 15924 for scripts
IANA Time Zone Database
LOINC for clinical laboratory observations